Molecular mechanisms of vitamin D hyporesponsiveness in renal failure

Molecular mechanisms of vitamin D hyporesponsiveness in renal failure.

Renal anaemia and EPO hyporesponsiveness associated with vitamin D deficiency: the potential role of inflammation.

Resistance to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) has been observed in a considerable proportion of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it is reportedly associated with adverse outcomes, such as increased cardiovascular morbidity, faster progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and all-cause mortality. The major causes of ESA resistance include chronic inflammation producin...

Vitamin D in Autoimmunity: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

Over the last three decades, it has become clear that the role of vitamin D goes beyond the regulation of calcium homeostasis and bone health. An important extraskeletal effect of vitamin D is the modulation of the immune system. In the context of autoimmune diseases, this is illustrated by correlations of vitamin D status and genetic polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor with the incidence a...

Different molecular mechanisms of vitamin D(3) receptor antagonists.

Two structurally different antagonists of the nuclear hormone 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3)], the 25-carboxylic ester ZK159222 and the 26,23-lactone TEI-9647, have recently been described. In this study, the molecular mechanisms and the efficacy of both antagonists were compared. ZK159222 showed similar potency and sensitivity to 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) in ligand-dependent ...

Vitamin D and cancer: a review of molecular mechanisms.

The population-based association between low vitamin D status and increased cancer risk can be inconsistent, but it is now generally accepted. These relationships link low serum 25OHD (25-hydroxyvitamin D) levels to cancer, whereas cell-based studies show that the metabolite 1,25(OH)2D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) is a biologically active metabolite that works through vitamin D receptor to regulat...